An Updated Spin on Galaxy Rotation

Steven Burnett
Steven Burnett

Updated · May 26, 2022

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A theory is a well-supported explanation of a natural phenomenon that includes laws, hypotheses, and facts. It is a collection of related ideas that are purposive to explain something. They can be used to support or challenge the theory.

These theories are crucial in understanding the universe, as galaxies should not rotate at such a rapid rate that they would fly apart, according to established physics. Modified Newtonian Dynamics is an acronym that stands for Modified Newtonian Dynamics. It’s a hypothesis that suggests a modification to Newton’s law on universal gravitation in order to account for the observed properties of galaxies. This alternative to the hypothesis that dark matter explains why galaxies don’t obey current laws of physics is called MOND. Dark matter is made up of particles that cannot absorb, reflect, and emit light. Therefore, electromagnetic radiation cannot detect them. Dark matter is not visible directly. Because dark matter has an effect on objects we can see directly, we know it exists. MOND is a controversial alternative for General Relativity which is the Einstein-inspired understanding that gravity works. General Relativity, however, requires dark matter in order to keep galaxies connected. MOND doesn’t require dark matter. Many theories have been proposed to explain why galaxies are connected, despite decades of sensitive searches. However, dark matter has not been found. There is much debate about which theory is correct. Mancera Pina and colleagues report a very slow rotation speed, which is inconsistent with predictions for a universe with General Relativity and large amounts of dark matter.

Stellar rotation is defined as the angular movement of a star about its axis. You can determine the rate of rotation by looking at the spectrum and timing the movement’s active features of the surface. Albert Einstein and Isaac Newton are the main contributors to the development of gravitational theories. Isaac Newton developed a quantitative theory of gravity.

He believed that the force of attraction between bodies is proportional both to their masses and in inverse proportion to the distance between them. Newton believed that gravity is responsible for both the movement of celestial bodies as well as the free-falling of Earthly objects. Classical Greek philosophers on the other side did not believe that gravity could affect celestial bodies. They observed bodies following non-descending, continuous trajectories in space.

Aristotle believed that every heavenly body had a unique “natural” motion unaffected or affected by external forces. Aristotle believed that large earthly objects have a natural tendency toward Earth’s centre. These Aristotelian ideas remained in use for centuries. They were accompanied by two other concepts: that a body that moves at constant speed must have a constant force acting on it, and that force must apply through contact rather than interaction at distance. These views were held up until the 16th century and the early 17th centuries. This prevented the development of universal gravitation ideas and impeded understanding of the true principles behind motion.

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Steven Burnett

Steven Burnett

Steven Burnett has over 15 years of experience spanning a wide range of industries and domains. He has a flair for collating statistical data through extensive research practices, and is well-versed in generating industry-specific reports that enables his clients to better comprehend a market’s landscape and aid in making well-informed decisions. His hobbies include playing football and the guitar.